Nestled in the heart of the Kimberley region, Derby is not only known for its stunning landscapes and dramatic tides but also for its deep historical significance. As one of the oldest towns in Western Australia’s north, Derby has played a key role in the region’s development, from its Indigenous heritage to its involvement in the cattle industry and its unique connections to Australia’s wartime history. For visitors eager to learn more about this fascinating past, here’s a guide to Derby’s top historical sites, where you can take a walk through time and discover the stories that shaped this remote town.

1. The Boab Prison Tree: A Living Monument

One of Derby’s most famous historical landmarks is the Boab Prison Tree, a massive, hollow boab tree believed to be over 1,500 years old. This tree holds a somber place in Derby’s history, as it was used as a temporary holding cell for Indigenous prisoners during the late 19th century. The tree’s hollow interior provided enough space to detain prisoners overnight as they were being transported to Derby for trial.

Today, the Boab Prison Tree stands as a reminder of Australia’s complex and painful colonial history, particularly the treatment of Aboriginal people. Visitors can view the tree and learn more about its historical significance through interpretive signage. The site also serves as a testament to the resilience of the local Indigenous cultures, with the boab tree remaining a sacred and enduring part of the Kimberley landscape.

What we love: The incredible age and size of the tree, coupled with its deep historical and cultural significance.

Good to know: Visitors are asked to respect the cultural importance of the site by not climbing or entering the tree.

Location: Derby Hwy, Derby, WA 6728

Image © Tourism Western Australia

2. Myalls Bore and Frosty’s Pool: A Legacy of the Cattle Industry

Myalls Bore is another important historical site in Derby, offering insight into the town’s role in the early cattle industry. The bore was constructed in the early 1900s to provide water for the large herds of cattle being driven to Derby for export. At its peak, the bore could supply over 500,000 liters of water per day, making it a crucial resource for cattlemen and their stock.

Nearby, you’ll find Frosty’s Pool, a small concrete pool built by soldiers during World War II. The pool was originally constructed as a bathing spot for troops stationed in Derby, and today it serves as a reminder of the town’s wartime past. The combination of Myalls Bore and Frosty’s Pool highlights Derby’s connections to both the cattle industry and Australia’s military history, offering a fascinating glimpse into the town’s past.

What we love: The chance to explore Derby’s historical connection to the cattle industry and the unique role the town played during World War II.

Good to know: The site is easily accessible from Derby and offers picnic facilities, making it a great spot for a relaxed visit.

Location: Derby Hwy, Derby, WA 6728

3. Mowanjum Art and Culture Centre: A Window into Indigenous History

For those interested in learning about the region’s rich Indigenous heritage, the Mowanjum Art and Culture Centre is a must-visit. The centre is operated by the Mowanjum community, which includes the Worrorra, Ngarinyin, and Wunambal people, and serves as both a cultural hub and a gallery showcasing Indigenous art.

The centre is known for its collection of Wandjina and Gwion Gwion (Bradshaw) paintings, two of the most significant and ancient forms of Aboriginal art in the Kimberley. Wandjina figures are powerful ancestral spirits that are central to the creation stories of the local Indigenous peoples. Through art, visitors can explore the deep spiritual connection that the Mowanjum community has with the land and learn more about their culture and history.

In addition to the gallery, the Mowanjum Art and Culture Centre hosts events, workshops, and cultural performances, providing an immersive experience for visitors interested in the region’s Indigenous history.

What we love: The opportunity to engage with Indigenous culture through art, storytelling, and hands-on experiences.

Good to know: The annual Mowanjum Festival, held in July, is one of the region’s cultural highlights, featuring traditional dance, music, and art.

Location: Gibb River Rd, Derby, WA 6728

Image © Garry Norris Photography

4. Derby Pioneer Cemetery: A Glimpse into the Past

A visit to the Derby Pioneer Cemetery offers a quiet and reflective experience, allowing visitors to connect with the early history of the town. The cemetery is the final resting place of many of Derby’s early settlers, including those who played a role in the town’s development as a port and cattle industry hub. Walking through the cemetery, you’ll find headstones dating back to the late 1800s, offering a glimpse into the lives of those who called Derby home during its early years.

The cemetery is also home to the graves of Indigenous Australians, highlighting the complex and intertwined histories of both the Aboriginal and settler communities in the Kimberley. The cemetery provides an opportunity to reflect on the town’s diverse past and the challenges faced by those who lived and worked in this remote region.

What we love: The peaceful atmosphere and the chance to learn about Derby’s early settlers and their role in shaping the town.

Good to know: The cemetery is located near the town center, making it an easy stop on a historical walking tour of Derby.

Location: Ashley St, Derby, WA 6728

5. Old Derby Gaol: A Look into Colonial Justice

The Old Derby Gaol is a significant historical site that offers a stark reminder of Australia’s colonial justice system. Built in the late 19th century, the gaol was used to house prisoners—both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal—during the early years of Derby’s development. The building itself is small and simple, reflecting the harsh conditions that prisoners would have endured.

The gaol played a significant role in the colonial history of the region, particularly in relation to the treatment of Indigenous Australians. Today, visitors can explore the building and learn about its history through interpretive signage, gaining insight into the challenges faced by those imprisoned here.

What we love: The historical importance of the gaol and its role in telling the story of colonial justice in the Kimberley.

Good to know: The gaol is part of a broader historical walking tour that includes other key sites in Derby’s town center.

Location: Loch St, Derby, WA 6728

6. Wharfinger’s House Museum: Derby’s Maritime History

Located near the Derby Jetty, the Wharfinger’s House Museum provides a fascinating look into the town’s maritime history. The building itself was once the residence of the Wharfinger, the official responsible for managing the port and overseeing the loading and unloading of ships. During the early 20th century, Derby’s port played a crucial role in exporting cattle and wool from the Kimberley region, and the Wharfinger’s House was at the heart of this activity.

The museum houses a collection of artifacts and photographs that tell the story of Derby’s port operations, from its early days as a hub for the cattle industry to its role during World War II. Visitors can learn about the challenges of operating a port in such a remote location and gain insight into the town’s connections to the wider world.

What we love: The opportunity to explore Derby’s maritime history and learn about the town’s vital role in the Kimberley’s economy.

Good to know: The museum is located near the Derby Jetty, making it a convenient stop for those exploring the area.

Location: 3 Loch St, Derby WA 6728

Final Thoughts

From ancient boab trees to historical buildings and museums, Derby is a town rich in history and culture. Whether you’re interested in exploring the town’s Indigenous heritage, learning about its role in the cattle industry, or reflecting on its colonial past, Derby offers a wealth of historical sites that bring its fascinating story to life.

So lace up your walking shoes, grab a camera, and take a step back in time as you explore Derby’s top historical landmarks—you’ll gain a deeper appreciation for the town’s unique place in Australia’s history.